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2018

Elaine Mokhtefi, 'Algiers: Third World Capital. Freedom Fighters, Revolutionaries, Black Panthers' (Excerpts)

The author of the book from which the below excerpts are taken, Elaine Mokhtefi née Klein, is a US American of Jewish origin born in 1928 in New York. She became politically involved there in the late 1940s. In 1951, she moved to Paris, where she worked as a translator for various anti-racist and anti-colonial movements. It was in the French capital that she met Algerian independence activists and became involved with the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN), which was founded in November 1954 and started Algeria’s independence war. She participated in the 1958 All-African People’s Conference in Ghana (for which see also the entry on Frantz Fanon’s FLN speech). In 1960-1962, she worked in New York for the FLN. FLN representatives stationed in the United States sought to contact US politicians and officials, and in New York successfully lobbied at the United Nations headquarters during its war against France, as Matthew Connelly showed inA Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria’s Fight for Independence and the Origins of the Post-Cold War Era (2002). Moreover, already at this time the FLN was deeply involved with various other anticolonial liberation movements, as Mokhtefi’s fascinating book illustrates. When Algeria became independent, in 1962, she moved there. She worked in various official capacities, inter alia for the Algeria Press Service. And due to her New York experience and command of English, she often was asked to work with representatives of foreign independence movements, including the US Black Panther Party (BPP), whose presence in Algeria in 1969 and its effect on the BPP’s take on the Arab-Israeli conflict has been studied in Michael Fischbach’s Black Power and Palestine: Transnational Countries of Color (2018). Many such movements were assisted by the Algerian government, which saw itself as a player in multiple overlapping anticolonial and postcolonial frameworks, including African unity, Arab unity, Afro-Asianism, and Third Worldism, as Jeffrey Byrnes has shown in his Mecca of Revolution: Algeria, Decolonization, and the Third World Order (2016). Mokhtefi was for political reasons forced to leave Algeria in 1974, accompanied by her Algerian husband, the former FLN member Mokhtar Mokhtefi. They settled in Paris, and in 1994 moved to New York.

May 8, 1990

Col. Henryk Jasik (Director of Department I, Ministry of Internal Affairs), 'Re: Meeting with Representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States'

A summary of a meeting between representatives of the Intelligence Service of the Polish Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Central Intelligence Agency. The two sides discussed cooperation in the fight against international terrorism, the establishment of a FBIS office in Poland, and further exchanges on intelligence sharing and cooperation.

September 17, 1985

Cable No. 771, Ambassador Kato to the Foreign Minister, 'Ambassador Nakayama's Visit to Syria'

In this telegram, Ambassador to Syria Kato informs the Foreign Minister of Japan that President Assad of Syria will not be able to meet with Ambassador Nakayama.

September 15, 1985

Cable No. 769, Ambassador Kato to the Foreign Minister, 'Ambassador Nakayama's Visit to Syria'

A summary of the meeting between Foreign Minister Shara of Syria and Special Envoy Nakayama about the relationship between Japan and Syria and the American hostages in Lebanon. The two discuss how the release of the Lebanese prisoners in Israel influences the situation of the American hostages.

September 15, 1985

Cable No. 768, Ambassador Kato to the Foreign Minister, 'Ambassador Nakayama's Visit to Syria'

In this telegram to the Foreign Minister of Japan, Ambassador to Syria Kato updates the Foreign Minister on Special Envoy Nakyama’s meeting times with Syrian officials.

September 13, 1985

Cable No. 469, Foreign Minister to the Ambassador to Syria Kato, 'Problem of the Release of the American Hostages (Special Envoy Nakayama’s Visit to Syria)'

In this telegram the Foreign Minister of Japan instructs Ambassador to Syria Kato to prepare for a second visit regarding the American hostages held in Lebanon from Special Envoy Nakayama.

September 12, 1985

Cable No. 759, Ambassador Kato to the Foreign Minister, 'Office Memorandum'

A telegram from Ambassador Kato to the Foreign Minister of Japan arranging a meeting with President Assad of Syria.

September 12, 1985

First Middle East Division Director, 'Main Points of Remarks and Questions and Answers for Special Envoy Nakayama (for President Assad and Foreign Minister Shara)'

A summary of the main points Special Envoy Nakayama will state in a meeting with Syrian government officials. Nakayama urges Syria to continue advocating for the release of the American hostages in Lebanon, citing the recent release of the Lebanese prisoners in Israel as motivation to continue.

August 12, 1985

Cable No. 4138, Foreign Minister to the Ambassador to the United States, 'Problem of the Release of the American Hostages'

In a telegram to the Ambassador to the United States, the Foreign Minister of Japan instructed the Ambassador to inform the United States on Special Envoy Nakayama’s meetings with the leaders of Syria and Iran about the American hostages held in Lebanon.

August 29, 1985

Letter, Yoshihiro Nakayama to Hafez al-Assad, President of the Syrian Arab Republic

In a letter to President Assad of Syria, Special Envoy Nakayama writes about the relationship between Japan and Syria and reflects on each country’s mutual concerns, including international terrorism.

Pagination